Book Review: Bring Up the Bodies by Hilary Mantel

Bring Up the Bodies by Hilary Mantel
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

Growing up the son of a blacksmith, becoming the right-hand man to the most powerful man in England after the King, then surviving his mentor’s fall to end up the King’s able servant after getting him a divorce, but now he’s expected to get the King out of his second marriage. Bring Up the Bodies is the middle installment of Hilary Mantel’s historical fiction trilogy chronicling the rise and fall Thomas Cromwell which immediately follows the end of Wolf Hall and runs through the fall of Anne Boleyn.

Mantel covers essentially a year from fall 1535 to fall 1536, but it’s a year packed with all lot of important events in the reign of Henry VIII and for Cromwell’s position and future. The first-person point-of-view was the same framing device as the previous novel giving the audience an inside view of Cromwell’s thoughts and keeps the narrative close to him even as he works to end Henry’s marriage to Anne while setting him up with Jane Seymour though Mantel gives Cromwell an attraction to her. My one complaint from the previous book of Mantel not using quotation marks to denote Cromwell speaking to other people wasn’t an issue in this book and resulted in a smoother reading experience. Given the shorter timeline than previous book, the little 400 pages of the novel was just right given the political intrigue going on.

Bring Up the Bodies is an excellent middle volume for this historical fiction trilogy, Hilary Mantel’s characterizations and well-written narrative create a page turner that’s hard to put down.

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Book Review: The Origin and Principles of the American Revolution, Compared with The Origin and Principles of the French Revolution by Friedrich von Gentz

The Origin and Principles of the American Revolution, Compared with the Origin and Principles of the French Revolution by Friedrich von Gentz
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

For over a decade the French Revolution had raged within the country, and they had spread it throughout Europe with their massive armies, all the while claiming inspiration from their American predecessor, but one conservative disagreed. The Origin and Principles of the American Revolution, Compared with The Origin and Principles of the French Revolution is Friedrich von Gentz’s essay on the two great revolutions of the 18th Century and why one was legitimate and the other wasn’t.

To conservative Europe the havoc of the French Revolution had one direct cause, the American and its war against their lawful king. However German diplomat Friedrich von Gentz not only defended the American Revolution in his essay, showing that it was a legitimate war against a monarch that had sided with a usurping power to oppress his own subjects. Gentz took it for granted that the reader of his day knew the events of the French Revolution but given that it had been almost a quarter century since the beginning of the fighting of the American Revolution, and nearly four decades of the political resistance that preceded it, he focused on recounting the events in America then doing short comparisons to those in France. The four points of view that Gentz contrasted the American and French on—the lawfulness of origin, character of the conduct, quality of object, and compass of resistance—were like all were presented from the lengthiest to the shortest, yet all of them were strongly argued. The one critique was Gentz handwaving away of the American use of natural and unalienable rights along with popular sovereignty as superfluous rhetoric that the Americans used not their actual beliefs, which for a few was true while others it was not.

The Origins and Principles is a well-written defense by a 18th Century European conservative of the legitimacy of the American Revolution especially when contrasted with that of the French which claimed to be inspired by it.

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Book Review: The Fall of Hyperion by Dan Simmons

The Fall of Hyperion by Dan Simmons
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

How does one follow up one of the best science fiction books which saw six pilgrims who are on their way to a location guarded by a giant killing machine? The Fall of Hyperion is the second book of Dan Simmons’ Hyperion Cantos as the remaining pilgrims to the Time Tombs arrive in the valley while an interstellar war breaks out as the Ousters attack Hyperion as a feint before a full-scale invasion of the Hegemony, or do they?

Simmons starts off essentially where he left off in the previous book, however the number of point-of-views increased from just the pilgrims to a whole host of characters. This change while expanding the story onto a galactic scale is a direct departure from its predecessor but given the expanded scope of the story that involves numerous places in the galaxy and “cyberspace” with the interactions of Ais it makes sense. This book brings together all the storylines from the previous book and ties to conclusions that were mostly satisfactory though there were some that felt a bit too contrived leading to a little disappointment in the quality of the Simmons writing for that. Though the ending of some of the storylines was a bit disappointing, the rest of Simmons’ writing was very good and engaging even when he brought poetry into the text. Overall, the book is fine follow-up and conclusion to everything introduced into Hyperion, but some things just didn’t hit the mark in concluding some storylines.

The Fall of Hyperion continues Dan Simmons’ Hyperion Cantos series, though up to the overall quality of it’s predecessor it concludes things fine but I didn’t feel the need to continue with the rest of the series because I felt things came to an end.

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Book Review: The War for the Union, Volume II: War Becomes Revolution, 1862-1863 by Allan Nevins

The War For The Union: War Becomes Revolution, 1862-1863 by Allan Nevins
My rating: 4 of 5 stars

After a year of improvised army building, supply gathering, and campaigns tried to do too much with too little, the Union and the Confederates planned to deal that one decisive blow that would end the war but instead what came about was military stalemate and a political revolution. The War for the Union, Volume II: War Becomes Revolution, 1862-1863 is the sixth volume of Allan Nevins Ordeal of the Union series as the Union’s high hopes in the spring of 1862 crater with McClellan’s inability to use his army while Robert E. Lee brings hope to the Confederates and in the West the rise and maturation of Ulysses S. Grant begins.

Over the course of around 530 pages, Nevins covers the events military, political, diplomatic, domestic, foreign, and business over the course of 17 months from January 1862 to the end of May 1863 that made the supposedly “quick” civil war turn into a revolution not just for the change in Union war strategy but in the running of the government and the rise of business. Throughout the book, Nevins examines the events and developments of all these subjects not only in the context of the day but with hindsight as well, which is especially revealing when describing the mistakes of generals. While the military and political developments as well as interactions between the two were the dominant themes throughout the book, Nevins devoted four chapters of the volume to other themes: diplomacy, business related to war, the revolution in industry spurred by war, and the revolution of freedom. Though this volume is over 65 years old, it’s very detailed and gives a total picture of the events of that time making it a most read for anyone interested in the history of the American Civil War.

The War for the Union, Volume II: War Becomes Revolution, 1862-1863 sees the nature and view of the war change as both sides realize this won’t be a “short” war, but as Allan Nevins shows throughout the effects which would influence the future were making the war something more.

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Book Review: The Novice's Tale by Margaret Frazer

The Novice's Tale by Margaret Frazer
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

A convent of nuns is put through the ringer as a difficult frequent visitor arrives with little notice, suddenly leaves, comes back even more difficult than usual, and then dies resulting in even more visitors wanting to know why she died. The Novice’s Tale is the first book of Margaret Frazer’s Dame Frevisse mysteries as the titular novice finds herself the suspected killer of her great aunt and Sister Frevisse is tasked by the convent’s prioress to figure out the truth.

Through the use of two point-of-view characters, Frevisse and the novice Thomasina, Frazer is able to not only to tell an engaging narrative but also reveal the inner workings of a medieval convent through action not exposition. The mystery is set up well with a lot of credible suspects with believable motives set up to be red herrings to disguise the who did it with the motive hidden from the reader by one that would appear to be more important. If there was one critique it is the belief by some characters that a young woman within weeks of taking her vows would risk damnation by murdering someone so she can become a nun, just writing it out just now makes the suggestion a little irrational though that might have been Frazer’s intention given some of the characters we are introduced to. Overall, this was a nice, quick read with a mystery that had a good set up and interesting conclusion.

The Novice’s Tale is both a good mystery and good first installment to a series, which Margaret Frazer wrote seventeen overall books for.

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Book Review: The Fate of the Day by Rick Atkinson

The Fate of the Day: The War for America, Fort Ticonderoga to Charleston, 1777-1780 by Rick Atkinson
My rating: 5 of 5 stars

George Washington inspired a Continental Army on the verge of collapse to a ten-day campaign that saved the hope for independence, but the empire was ready strike back again. The Fate of the Day: The War for America, Fort Ticonderoga to Charleston, 1777-1780 is the second volume in Rick Atkinson’s The Revolution trilogy following the course of the military, political, and everyday factors that played into course of the American Revolution from the battlefields in America to the palaces of Versailles and Queen’s House leading to battles across the globe.

Navigating through a myriad of locations and through various narrative threads that need to be explored while revealing how each reflects on the other, Atkinson does a stellar job at bringing the complexity of the American Revolution to the reader. The important historical characters are covered, but lesser-known individuals, especially those foreign-born officers that are often unsung, get highlighted when in battle or making a difference for the Continental Army. What is most important throughout the book is how the colonial rebellion on the edge of the war sparked political machinations in the backroom of European palaces to get revenge on Britain or simply put it in its place. While the American Revolution is mostly seen as a land war, the naval aspect is not forgotten though as the book goes on it starts to become a Britain-French centric narrative through John Paul Jones’ cruises around Britain and attacks mainly in Scotland brought the war home to Britain in a way that shocked them almost as much as the thought of a French invasion. Given the numerous decades old books of the American Revolution I’ve read in recent years, this volume covers the same North American material through adding a broader brush to look at everyday life which included the economic realities for both the Continental army and the average citizen no matter their political loyalty. The difference is the thoroughness of Atkinson looking to the British domestic political scene as well as bringing in other European powers’ political and diplomatic moves during these years which resulted in the American Revolution becoming a conflict fought across the global. Honestly, it’s hard to find something important to critique.

The Fate of the Day reveals how events turn a colonial rebellion into a global conflict in an engaging way by Rick Atkinson and being the middle volume of a planned trilogy on American Revolution it makes you look forward to see all the various factors that bring it to a conclusion in the final when it is written.

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Book Review: A Vindication of the Rights of Women by Mary Wollstonecraft

A Vindication of the Rights of Woman by Mary Wollstonecraft
My rating: 3 of 5 stars

As the rights of man were debated across Europe due to the revolutions in America and France, the other half of the population appeared to be forgotten about especially when French National Assembly was presented a report that women should almost expect a “domestic education”. A Vindication of the Rights of Women by Mary Wollstonecraft is an answer not only to that report to the French National Assembly and to Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Emile where he also covered the education of women.

Through 255 pages of text Wollstonecraft examined the current dominate methods of educating women, criticism of those methods and other proposed methods, and finally putting forth her own argument for giving women a rational education. The key to her argument for Wollstonecraft is that women as mothers will be the first educators their children have before they are handed to professionals who’ll advance their learning, given their position women should be given a proper education to fulfill this role and if their husband were to pass, a proper education would allow them to ensure her family’s well-being until her children have grown up as well as secure her own well-being in her old age. Wollstonecraft proposed a national education system in which both boys and girls and from all social classes would learn together in their early years before separating to more specific education for their duties—though if a child of a lower social class were to be particularly gifted he should be sponsored by the government to further his education and thus benefit the whole nation. One of the major criticisms that Wollstonecraft had was that if women continued to be treated as mere future property of their husbands with an education only for that end instead of as “companions” of their husbands, as future mothers, and possible heads of household if unforeseen circumstances arose. Wollstonecraft continually brought up Rousseau’s suggestions for the education of women and attacked them, to the point where it was becoming repetitive and beyond what was needed, which she somewhat acknowledged late in the essay. Another critique I had about the essay was that Wollstonecraft decided to write it after reading the 1791 report on education by Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord that he presented to the French National Assembly that she disagreed with, yet she barely mentioned its existence even when discussing her counterproposals to it. However, even with those criticisms this is an important philosophical essay as well as political theory, which acknowledges that women are important for the body politic and whose education is important for the well-being of the next generation and that all children should receive the same education as provided by the state in their early years.

A Vindication of the Rights of Women is one of the two important works by Mary Wollstonecraft; its influence would be delayed but still be important in the two centuries after her death.

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